1 However , it is perhaps not as realistic an activity as we might think because the listener is almost always overhearing something that he or she takes no part in and cannot influence in any way .It is like being the proverbial fly on the wall .In these circumstances it is usually impossible to understand much of what is being said because of elliptical references to items of shared information that the outside listener has no knowledge of .2. At present , however ,the vast majority of learners and teachers do not have access to either the hardware or software necessary , and we must still rely on the coursebook as ore main source of material .In this area teachers do seem to have an even more important role to play than usual in ensuring that classroom interactions are not unnecessarily stereotyped and predictable .

熱心網友

但是這也許不是一種如我們所想的現實活動，因為聽眾總是聽到太多他們沒有參與或者是在任何層面都不會有影響力的事情。這就好像眾所周知的墻上的蒼蠅一樣（意即 如果蒼蠅落在墻上長此以往，你都不會注意到那里有只蒼蠅）。在這種情況下，他們通常不大可能理解大部分的論題，因為有一些約定俗成的東西通常我們都會省略相關的介紹，而外界的聽眾并沒有這方面的知識。但是目前絕大多數的學習者和老師沒有辦法獲得他們所需的硬件或者軟件，我們還是得把課本作為主要的資料來源。在這一領域中老師們看起來要比平常起到更大的作用，他們要確保課堂的互動不是一成不變和可以預知的。